Electric vehicle charging anxiety still exists analysis _ electric car common charging method _ electric car daily maintenance note

At present, everyone's most concern about electric vehicles is the problem of charging. So how does the anxiety of electric vehicle charging come from? Let's take a look at it with Xiaobian. Xiaobian also summarizes the common charging methods and daily maintenance during charging.

There are more piles in the first-tier cities, and the anxiety of the owners still exists.

In the interview, the reporter found that it is difficult to complain about charging in the previous two years. Most car owners in Beijing have said that charging is not the main problem now, mainly because there are more charging piles. At present, there are more than 100,000 electric vehicles in Beijing, and 97,500 charging piles have been built. It is basically possible to realize one pile with one vehicle. From the data point of view, the electric vehicle piles in Beijing seem to have basically met the demand.

However, specific to each electric car owner, the situation is very different, only 100,000 owners have only their own private charging piles, and more than 30,000 owners can only rely on public charging piles, "charging anxiety" still exists.

Beijing electric car owner: Because there is no fixed parking space at the time, the property does not allow private piles. Just like playing guerrillas, see where there are piles, where there are things that can be shared, and cheap, just fill them up.

Beijing electric car owners: the parking lot will not specifically give you a place dedicated to the charging car, the oil car will occupy the parking space of the charging car.

Beijing electric car owners: Sometimes, parking fees for parking lots are 1:1 more than electricity charges. You have to charge for one hour, and the parking fee will be charged 10 yuan and 15 yuan. The price will go up.

Less charging piles still plague the development of electric vehicles

Beijing has basically realized one pile of one vehicle, but in the country, this ratio is three vehicles and one pile. The lack of multiple piles is still an important factor restricting the development of electric vehicles. Since September last year, the state has successively issued guidance on accelerating the construction of charging facilities in residential areas, enterprises and institutions and parking lots. The construction of charging piles is being accelerated.

State Grid spokesperson Wang Yanfang: By 2020, the radius of charging service in suburban counties should not exceed 5 kilometers, the radius of charging service in the ring city should not exceed 3 kilometers, and the radius of charging service in urban areas should not exceed 5 kilometers.

At the same time, many cities have guided social capital to participate in the construction and operation of the charging infrastructure system by promoting government and social capital cooperation models, increasing financial support, and establishing a reasonable price mechanism.

Liu Yongdong, Assistant Secretary-General of China Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Promotion Alliance: In accordance with the State Council's proposal to accelerate the development of charging facilities, to meet the charging task requirements of 5 million vehicles by 2025, 4.8 million new piles and 12,000 stations will be built. It is planned according to the concept of 1:1.

Liu Yongdong said that although there are only more than 1 million electric vehicles in the country, the goal of reaching 5 million vehicles in 2020 is achievable from the development trend. In addition to speeding up the construction of piles, there is still an urgent need to solve the problem of how to achieve the interconnection of charging piles and improve the utilization rate of public charging piles.

1, portable charging

Portable charging refers to charging with a normal household outlet using the portable charging cable that comes with the vehicle. This is a very convenient way to charge, as long as you can find the outlet, you can charge. However, the charging speed is not flattering. In general, the voltage of an ordinary household outlet is 220V, the current is 10A, and the theoretical power is 2.2kW. In actual use, the charging power is generally only 1.5kW.

Portable charging device equipped on Chery eQ electric car

In other words, using a portable charging device, it takes 20 hours to fully charge a Beiqi New Energy EV200 pure electric vehicle (200km cruising range, battery capacity 30.4kWh) for a BYD e6 pure electric vehicle (300km battery life, battery capacity 57kWh) It takes nearly 40 hours to fully charge. This speed is simply unbearable, and can only be used as a supplement to other charging methods, so that users can recharge at any time.

2, home charging pile

Household charging piles are the most common type of charging pile. In general, private users who purchase electric cars will come with a home charging pile. Of course, it is not enough to have a pile. It is also necessary to have a parking space and the property agrees to install it.

The i Wallbox Pro charging wall box for the BMW i3 is 7.4kWh.

In terms of charging speed, since the charging pile specifications provided by each manufacturer are different, the charging speed is also different. The i Wallbox Pro charging wall box for the BMW i3 is 7.4kW. There are 2 kinds of household charging piles in Qichen Chenfeng. The low version is 3.6kW, and the high version is 6.6kW. Tengshi also offers two types of household charging cabinets with power of 10kW and 20kW respectively.

Basically, although the output power of different models of household charging piles is different, it can guarantee that the battery of the electric vehicle will be fully charged overnight, which can basically meet the needs of ordinary users.

3, public charging pile

Although the household charging pile is good, there are still many users who cannot install the household charging pile because there is no fixed parking space or the property does not cooperate. For them, the public charging pile is the only choice.

If the home can not build a charging pile, it can only be charged to the public charging pile.

Public charging piles are generally constructed and maintained by power companies such as the State Grid and China Southern Power Grid. In the future, with the maturity of the electric vehicle industry, there will be a lot of private capital entering this field.

Public charging piles are generally divided into fast charging and slow charging. The former uses direct current and the latter uses alternating current.

4, DC fast charge

DC fast charging piles charge faster

Taking the common national grid fast charging pile as an example, the output DC voltage is 380V, the current can reach 50A, and the output power can reach 19kW. However, in order to protect the battery, after the battery capacity reaches 80%, the charging current will gradually drop to about 10A. Therefore, after charging the battery with 80% of the charge, you should switch to the slow-filled pile to fill the battery, which is more efficient.

DC fast charging piles charge very quickly. Generally speaking, the battery of an electric car can be charged from 0 to 80% in 1-2 hours.

5, AC slow charge

Due to the advantages of cost and other aspects, the number of AC slow-filled piles is large.

Although the DC fast charging pile is charging faster, but due to the limitation of the power load and the cost of building piles, the number of DC fast-filled piles is definitely a small number in a charging station. In order to use more limited resources to provide charging services for more people, it is necessary to add some AC slow charging piles.

Take the common national grid slow-filled pile as an example, the voltage is 220V, the current is about 25A, and the output power is about 5.5kW. It takes 5-10 hours to fully charge an electric car, which is more suitable for charging at night or at work.

1, correctly master the charging time

In general, the battery charging time is about ten hours, to avoid overcharging. When you are ready to travel, you should arrange the charging on the way in advance to avoid running out of power.

2, protect the charger

Try to avoid the bumps and vibrations of the charger. In order to reduce the cost, the current chargers basically do not have a high vibration-resistant design. After many chargers are vibrated, their internal potentiometers will drift, causing the entire parameters to drift, resulting in abnormal charging. Therefore, if you must move the charger, try to pack it with plastic foam. In addition, when charging, ensure the ventilation of the charger, otherwise it will not only affect the life of the charger, but also may cause thermal drift and affect the state of charge. This will cause damage to the battery.

3, it is recommended to charge every day

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Even if there are not many driving distances, it is recommended to charge every day, so that the battery is in a shallow cycle and the battery life will be extended.

4. Perform a deep discharge on the battery periodically.

Periodically discharge the battery once and “activate the battery”.

5, is strictly prohibited to lose electricity when stored

When the battery is stored in a depleted state, sulfation is likely to occur, and the lead sulfate crystals adhere to the electrode plate, which may block the ion channel, resulting in insufficient charging and a decrease in battery capacity. The longer the idle state is idle, the more severe the battery is damaged. Therefore, when the battery is not in use, it should be replenished once a month, which can better maintain the health of the battery.

6, avoid large current discharge

When the electric car starts, carries people, and goes uphill, try to avoid slamming and accelerating, forming an instantaneous large current discharge. High current discharges tend to cause the formation of lead sulfate crystals, which impair the physical properties of the battery plates.