The battle between hybrid and electric routes, China’s wise and helpless development of electric vehicles

The dispute between hybrid and electric technology has always been one of the focuses of the automotive field. Many people in the industry have been worried about China's pure hybrid route. Today, Zhidian Automobile and everyone will analyze this. Why?

First, the status quo of the world's hybrid car technology

Overall, the pure hybrid car has entered the competition period of the product market. The light-mixed BSG/STT technology solution has matured and has become a standard configuration on many traditional models at home and abroad. It can save about 5-12% of fuel, and only increases the cost. About 1000-4000 yuan.

Medium/heavy hybrid and plug-in hybrid vehicle technologies have been mastered by major automakers, but most of the key technologies of the mid/deep hybrid core are monopolized by Japan (Toyota Deep Mixing Technology, Honda Moderate Hybrid Technology).

With the maturity of technology and the rapid expansion of market scale, the cost of complete vehicles has been greatly reduced, and prices have gradually approached traditional vehicles. Many countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom have no longer subsidized car purchases. In 2015, the global sales of hybrid vehicles was 1.61 million, and the cumulative sales volume exceeded 10 million units, far exceeding the pure electric and fuel cell technology routes.

Second, Japan monopolizes the hybrid car market

Japan is the first country to engage in research on hybrid vehicles. Toyota, Honda, Mitsubishi and other vehicle manufacturers have launched a series of products with different mixing schemes such as light mixing, medium mixing and full mixing. Representative models include Toyota Camry, Prius, Lexus and Honda. CR-Z, Insight, etc., own most of the global hybrid vehicle technology patents, among which Toyota released the THS system in 1997.

In terms of power system, THS has a hybrid structure system with innovative power distribution function. It replaces the gearbox with a special planetary gear mechanism to achieve intelligent power matching of generators, motors and engines. On the engine side, a breakthrough was achieved with a hybrid-specific engine powered by the Atkinson cycle.

Up to now, THS has been upgraded to THS-II and is compatible with almost all models of Toyota and Lexus. The products cover multiple platforms such as FWD, RWD and AWD. In addition to being a deep hybrid system, THS system can be extended to plug-in. Electric hybrid systems such as the MY2012 Prius Plug-in Hybrid.

Toyota THS system is the most successful hybrid system for commercialization in foreign countries. In 2016, Toyota released data showing that the cumulative global sales of Toyota and Lexus hybrid vehicles exceeded 9 million units in May, except for the Toyota system. The THS system is also licensed to Ford and Nissan and matched in their respective products.

Toyota and Honda have a market share of more than 80% in the current global hybrid market of nearly two million.

Third, European mixed, full mixed

Volkswagen, BMW and other vehicle manufacturers and Bosch and other parts suppliers have mastered hybrid technology and successfully applied it on different models. BMW, Mercedes-Benz and other companies have adopted a dual-mode deep-mix system jointly developed with General Motors.

Volkswagen, Audi, BMW and other hybrid products are mainly mixed and fully mixed. Representative models include Volkswagen Touareg, Audi A6, Q5, BMW 5 Series, 7 Series and other hybrid models. Take BMW as an example. The moving models include the 5 Series and 7 Series.

Europe's P2 hybrid system is the most typical. By adding a clutch between the ISG motor and the crankshaft, the problem of pure electric driving of the traditional parallel hybrid system is solved.

In addition, by using traditional mechanical transmissions (such as AT, CVT, DCT, etc.), higher transmission efficiency and more gear positions and a wider gear ratio can be achieved, which can reduce the power and speed class requirements of ISG motors. And this system is also effective to avoid Honda patent barriers.

Fourth, the United States backdoor Toyota, holding a group of Mercedes-Benz BMW

Both GM and Ford have introduced hybrid models earlier. Ford uses the Toyota THS deep-mix system, and GM uses its dual-mode hybrid system developed jointly with BMW and Mercedes.

The dual-mode hybrid system was introduced in 2004 to achieve a single-mode to dual-mode technology similar to the THS system by using a clutch, thereby reducing the performance and structural requirements of the motor.

In order to simplify the configuration of the Dual-Mode, GM released the Volt EREV in 2012, which can be seen as a simplified configuration of the universal Dual-Mode and an expansion of the PHEV, GM data display, as of August 1, 2016, The cumulative sales exceeded 100,000 units.

5. China has opened up pure hybrids and is fully committed to developing electric vehicles.

China started at the latest, and the backward status quo in the traditional technology field has caused the hybrid technology to catch up. If the development of hybrid vehicles will lead to a monopoly of Japanese cars, this is what policy makers and even the people of the country are not willing to see.

All China's new energy vehicle technology routes, pure hybrid, clear PHEV, EV, FCRV is the state-supported route, affected by the policy, the current domestic host manufacturers mainly focus on the development of plug-in hybrid systems, pure Hybrid power systems (HEVs) are relatively few.

Domestic hybrid technology development is relatively weak, mainly concentrated in BSG systems, ISG systems and other micro-mixed and medium-mixed models. Except Geely MEEBS hybrid system and BYD dual-mode hybrid system, there are no other strong hybrid models.

Among them, BYD's dual-mode system is the most representative, and the mass-production model Qin and Qin are sold in 2014, with a sales volume of 14,700 vehicles, sales of 29,700 in 2015, and sales of 0.94 million in the first half of 2016, ranking first in the same class.

At this point, the analysis of the smart car is the same as ours: "It is a wise and helpless choice for China to open up pure hybrids and fully develop electric vehicles."